【en】Are Japanese tax rates high?

Some say that Japan has the second highest tax rate in the world, but the 55.95% rate is the marginal tax rate applied to high-income earners, and is not applied to everyone. The average tax burden is equivalent to or lower than that of European countries. The problem lies not so much in the high tax rate as in the lack of transparency in how taxes are used and the lack of a sense of return on investment.